Analysis and Problems of Global Communications

The pending extension of Global Communications into the worldwide field has noteworthy ramifications, both positive and negative, for the enterprise. Despite the fact that the organization is experiencing a troublesome time at the present, with stock devaluations, an absence of advancement, and pending cutbacks, the potential for development and for expanded gainfulness with the new heading picked by the organization's officials is genuine. In the event that Global Communications can address the difficulties quickly confronting it, make the most of the open doors which are accessible, and simultaneously balance the requirements of contending gatherings of partners, it can understand a few of its drawn out objectives as sketched out later in this paper. Unavoidable losses over the whole broadcast communications industry have adversely influenced the stock and benefit of Global Communications. Unnecessary measures of rivalry from organizations worldwide have weakened the market just as offered a wide scope of highlights that Global Communications doesn't right now give. Little suppliers offer specific administrations, and bigger multinationals offer lower costs and progressively serious help decisions. Worldwide Communications has decided to address this issue by all the while endeavoring to reduce expenses while extending universally; their essential strategy for accomplishing these prompt objectives is through shutting some local call places and opening new focuses abroad. The representatives' association has clear issues with this procedure of cutbacks and redistributing, and has addressed Global Communications' dependability to its laborers. The organization faces noteworthy issues, both monetarily and impalpable issues, for example, representative unwaveringness. The first of these issues is the declining cost of Global Communications stock, apparently because of the expanded measure of rivalry in the field. Such a decrease in by and large gainfulness is the most squeezing issue confronting the organization; in any case, it is likewise the broadest in that few increasingly explicit issues add to this general issue. One of the contributing variables is the requirement for new administrations and advancements in innovative work. Such developments require capital and money related assets, which identifies with the issue of declining certainty among investors, who are thinking about whether they industry can recoup from the serious circumstance where it at present gets itself. The issue of investor certainty along these lines adds to the absence of assets accessible for advancements and exploration, implying that the organization must figure out how to build benefits without relying upon investor certainty. The underlying endeavor to address these monetary issues, re-appropriating numerous occupations to Ireland and India, has likewise made more issues for Global. The representative association feels double-crossed and is undermining legitimate activity with respect to the cutbacks. Moreover, the advertising issue with respect to this re-appropriating is a significant one for Global to deliver so as to forestall an open reaction in light of the re-appropriating and association relations issues. Regardless of the numerous issues confronting Global, a few open doors exist for the organization to develop and get as productive as it was during the past period. There is a quick open door accessible to bring down the expenses of work confronting the organization by using the redistributing plan and the work accessible abroad. Such an activity will let loose organization assets to be spent on innovative work of new administrations and items, which will revamp the base of Global Communications clients through the numerous administrations advertised. Also, such a development in administrations will expand the piece of the pie for Global among entrepreneurs, one of the organization's general objectives, and offer the chance to strengthen an open impression of Global as one of the pioneers in media communications innovation. Other than these gainfulness issues, there is a chance to set up new standards in regards to the association and representative relations inside Global. Maybe a set up plan of correspondence or course of data spread can be made, and vocation directing and preparing could be offered for the workers who were laid off, helping restore the general population and in-organization impression of Global. The most evident open door for Global is additionally the broadest; the possibility for the organization to develop and come back to earlier years' productivity is one that exists in the current environment of progress. Worldwide pioneers must make the most of the numerous chances to change the organization, its connections, and its items and innovation as quickly as time permits. Partner Perspectives/Ethical Dilemmas There are a few gatherings of partners in this conversation; from the individual investors to the patrons to the most elevated officials, the various gatherings all have various needs in the Global rebuilding. Investors have on the most fundamental level the drawn out productivity and development of the organization, like the need of worldwide administrators to see the organization develop and benefit generally speaking. Different gatherings, prominently the workers and association delegates, have as their main goal the employer stability and pay of representatives as their primary goal; the relationship with the board and the pending cutbacks are more imperative to these gatherings than gainfulness or development. At long last, the officials in the U. S. ave more worry over these activity cuts than do the worldwide officials, since they are the ones who will be most antagonistically influenced by the cutbacks and re-appropriating. The battle between these gatherings to have their own needs organized speaks to a moral quandary for Global; the negative effects of the cutbacks must be weighed against the general endurance of the organization; the hindrance to singular representatives and open observation must be weighed against proceeding with Global's situation as a trailblazer and industry pioneer. Worldwide Communications and the representatives' association can both profit by the expanded gainfulness which will occur because of the re-appropriating and move in administrations offered; in the long haul, the two gatherings can work to make advantage and benefit for singular investors just as organization administrators and the executives. This drawn out advantage will furthermore give Global representatives more prominent employer stability. The advancement of Global toward the circumstances conceivable by the numerous open doors accessible to it tends to be estimated through a few target techniques. One that is referenced in the 3/2/04 update is a solid objective of decreasing expenses by 40%. Such an objective will normally profit the organization dependent on the decrease of cost and increment of benefits. Furthermore, a solid objective to determine the issues with the workers' association without lawful or legislative activity would be a magnificent method to restore the connection between the organization and the association. Another quantifiable objective is return the stock cost to a specific level, for instance, that of the already beneficially $28/share. Worldwide Communications faces some quick and significant issues, for example, diminished productivity, diminished investor certainty, pending cutbacks and the advertising issues which go with them, and expanded rivalry inside the media communications industry which requires new advancements and improvement. Regardless of these prompt issues, there are numerous open doors for Global to profit by its momentum circumstance; it can exploit the opportunity to diminish costs by redistributing and afterward increment innovative work with those assets; it can re-arrange the relationship with its representatives' association to an increasingly helpful one for the two gatherings; and it can redesign itself as an advanced, bleeding edge rival in the field of media communications. Such open doors can profit all partners in Global, from the individual investors to workers to worldwide administrators, by reinforcing the money related and network/social circumstances of the organization. In spite of the fact that the execution of these progressions might be awkward now and again and even promptly excruciating for a few gatherings (the workers' association, for instance), the general advantage for everybody included must be remembered. Long haul objectives can be utilized to follow the organization's advancement toward accomplishing its ultimate objective of coming back to a developing, productive association

Air France

In a carrier industry, organizations had been endured with low returns, insolvencies and ever-fluctuating interest. Air France has been forestalling the circumstance by created techniques, for example, a dynamic working lease, short-or medium term rent of significant piece of armadas to lessen limit and cost. Since 2006, the traffic of air travel has been developing quickly, which made a serious scene in the aircraft business and furthermore the rise of web based business as a direct to shopper sales.Air France accepted those open doors by offering on the web types of assistance on direct site, however sooner or later aggregators and metasearchers who offer past administrations showed up, which make the immediate site experienced issues to contend. Media Contact, employed via Air France, has been creating technique to advance execution on Search Engine Marketing effort to build net income increased through online channel and rate of profitability spending, just as proficiency of driv ing guests to website and convert them to shoppers through the change pipe at the base cost.The Media Contact utilizes supported hunt of six web search tools, worldwide and US-based, and promotes on metasearchers and aggregators also. As appeared in the distributer execution table underneath, from show 6, Google US procures most elevated impressions, for the most part from marked watchwords, and volume of appointments, likewise at greatest expense yet the change rate is moderately low. Then again, MSN has least speculation yet it worked out that MSN give the extraordinary transformation rate than any others.Another distributer, for example, Yahoo US and Overture US has higher change rate than others that has all the more financing. T The air pocket graph beneath outlines the exhibition of every distributer, in light of the total informational collection, as per their normal expense per click on Y-hub and likelihood of appointments on X-hub. The size of each air pocket speaks to subs idizing spent on every distributer. The main quadrant speaks to significant expense per-click, distributers, which are Google US and Google Global. These distributers has high impressions however theClick-Through-Rate is moderately low, The Media Contact ought to organize technique that can bring down cost, for example, changing offer system, watchword determination, and match type. The subsidizing for these distributers ought to likewise be brought down. In the upper-left quadrant shows distributers who have most reduced transformation rate at greatest expense, no distributer is in this classification and ought not be. Suggestion Global and US are in the third quadrant that shows distributers with low likelihood of booking.Publishers in this quadrant must be changed over to the forward quadrant by thinking about catchphrase choice, simplicity of finishing exchange, and inconvenience of site and applications, for instance. The most elevated likelihood of delivering a booking origina te from the forward quadrant where Yahoo US, MSN Global, and MSN US depend on. This quadrant not just gives Air France high likelihood of appointments yet additionally at the least expense. The Media Contact should concentrate on this quadrant by expanding financing for these three distributers from spending plan deducted from the first quadrant.In request to pick up guests from aggregators, Air France ought to consider about making a few in-one assistance by offering lodgings, vehicle rental or limited time bundles. This procedure could build deals happened in direct site and lessen cost of publicizing on aggregators site. Air France could likewise acquire income from promoting of inns and vehicle rental administrations. By improving supported inquiry and actualizing methodologies, Cost-Per-Click will be diminished and number of appointments will be higher. The Media Contact can convey higher net income and Return on Investment to Air France.

How to Write the Michigan Supplement TKG

How to Write the Michigan Supplement By: Caroline KoppelmanMichigan has three essay questions of varying lengths. But don’t be confused. Just because an essay is 100 words long doesn’t mean the school will ignore it. Every question is included with the purpose of giving you the chance to tell the school more about you and for the school to gauge if you’re a good fit.1. If you could only do one of the activities you have listed in the Activities section of your Common Application, which one would you keep doing? Why? (Required for all applicants. Approximately 100 words)A lot of students make the mistake of trying to go over-serious with this essay. Don’t write what you think the admissions committee may want to hear, write about something you genuinely care about and your passion will shine through. If you’ve been surfing since childhood and it’s an important part of your life, write about how you look forward to driving out to Lake Michigan to try lake surfing. Show the admissions committee you care about s omething, whatever it is, and this will be a successful essay.2. Everyone belongs to many different communities and/or groups defined by (among other things) shared geography, religion, ethnicity, income, cuisine, interest, race, ideology, or intellectual heritage. Choose one of the communities to which you belong, and describe that community and your place within it.  The broadness of questions like these can often make them frustrating and difficult. Perhaps counterintuitively, a good place to begin may be a little outside the box. Think about the things that bind the people close to you together in life and how they’ve made a profound impact on you. It may be one of the categories listed above, but it may be something else entirely. Maybe you and your friends all loved going to the movies together while you were growing up and that prompted to your interest cinema studies. Don’t feel boxed in by the question. Like most essays, the specifics of the topic you choose is less imp ortant than expressing yourself cogently and building a coherent narrative.3. Describe the unique qualities that attract you to the specific undergraduate College or School (including preferred admission and dual degree programs) to which you are applying at the University of Michigan. How would that curriculum support your interests?This is the straightforward “Why Michigan?” question. It really comes down to research, narrative, and research (can’t say it enough). You have to decide what narrative you want to tell and prove you’ve got the facts to back it up. For example, let’s say growing up you loved going to museums and that grew into a passion for art history. Now that you’ve created your narrative you need to do a deep dive into the programs offered by Michigan, both in the classroom and out. Just talking about courses isn’t enough. Talk about volunteering at the University Museum of Art or working in the community to help kids discover art. Don’t fake your pa ssion. It’s really easy to spot someone trying to fake it when compared to someone who really cares and has done the work.Despite the varying lengths, all three essays are important and worth putting in serious time and consideration. Brainstorm the best stories, do your research, and convey your passions and you should be able to write essays to help you stand out from thousands of other applicants.

Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot as an Existentialist Play

Waiting for Godot as an Existentialist Play The play, Waiting For Godot, is centred around two men, Estragon and Vladimir, who are waiting for a Mr. Godot, of whom they know little. Estragon admits himself that he may never recognize Mr. Godot, Personally I wouldnt know him if I ever saw him. (p.23). Estragon also remarks, †¦ we hardly know him. (p.23), which illustrates to an audience that the identity of Mr. Godot is irrelevant, as little information is ever given throughout the play about this indefinable Mr. X. What is an important element of the play is the act of waiting for someone or something that never arrives. Western readers may find it natural to speculate on the identity of Godot because of their†¦show more content†¦This is also similar to the idea of meditation, an almost motionless activity, allowing the individual to think with clarity. Camus, and other existential writers, suggested that attempting to answer these rhetorical questions could drive someone to the point of insanity. The tramps con tinually attempt to prove that they exist, in order to keep their sanity: We always find something, eh Didi, to give us the impression that we exist? (p.69). Waiting in the play induces boredom as a theme. Ironically Beckett attempts to create a similar nuance of boredom within the audience by the mundane repetition of dialogue and actions. Vladimir and Estragon constantly ponder and ask questions, many of which are rhetorical or are left unanswered. During the course of the play, certain unanswered questions arise: who is Godot? Where are Gogo and Didi? Who beats Gogo? All of these unanswered questions represent the rhetorical questions that individuals ask but never get answers for within their lifetime. Vis a vis is there a God? Where do we come from? Who is responsible for our suffering? The German existentialist philosopher Martin Heidegger expressed clearly that human beings can never hope to understand why they are here. The tramps repetitive inspection of their empty hats perhaps symbolizes mankinds vain search for answers within the vacuum of a universe. Jean Paul Sartre, the leading figure of French existentialism declared that human beingsShow MoreRelated Sartre’s Existentialism in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot1572 Words   |  7 PagesSartre’s Existentialism in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot Critics often misunderstand the quintessence of Sartre’s philosophy. Jean-Paul Sartre, in his lecture â€Å"Existentialism is Humanism,† remarks that â€Å"existence precedes essence† (2), that is, man first materializes and then searches for a purpose – an essence. Samuel Beckett, through his play Waiting for Godot, affirms Sartre’s core argument. Misinterpreting Godot, critic Edith contends that it differs fundamentallyRead MoreBeckett vs Satre2361 Words   |  10 PagesCompare and contrast Sartre’s No Exit with Beckett’s Waiting for Godot. Samuel Beckett’s vision of two lowly tramps in the middle of a derelict environment can be placed in direct contrast to the claustrophobic and eternal nightmare presented by Jean-Paul Sartre , but each playwright possessed objectives for their respective audiences and each shared a valued opinion on the theories of existentialism which can be established in the plays Waiting for Godot and No Exit. Beckett introduces the audienceRead MoreThoughtful Laughter in Beckets Waiting for Godot1199 Words   |  5 Pages Awakening Thoughtful Laughter in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot Samuel Beckett’s use of humor can be seen throughout his repertoire of work, ranging from the exaggeratedly tragic lives of the two characters in Rough for Theater I to the mechanical prodding that is required to rouse the characters in Act Without Words II. The humor in Beckett’s work is given dimension by the fact that it addresses morbid themes such as death, poverty, suffering, and the crushing despair and apathy thatRead MoreCritique of Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot and Albert Camus The Stranger1052 Words   |  4 PagesCritique of Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot and Albert Camus The Stranger Modernist fiction is incredibly dense and abstract. Writers from the twentieth century also seem to carry with them the weight of the world, and thus their fiction has been filled with realistic misery and pain. Still, these writers often add to this element with existentialist thematic structures, which construct a very unique and experimental viewpoint on a modern existence. This is what is occurring in both Samuel BeckettsRead MoreSamuel Becket May Be A Far-Famed Author World Health Organization1750 Words   |  7 PagesSamuel Becket may be a far-famed author World Health Organization introduced the thought of absurdity, nothingness, nihilism and meaninglessness of life. He diagrammatical the absurdity within the lifetime of the individuals. He believed that life is during a circular kind, from wherever it starts, at an equivalent purpose it ends. there s no thought of faith no ethical values, no thought of your time and area in absurdity. Absurdity may be a word that may be exp lained by reasoning but the faultRead MoreSamuel Beckett: Sound and Silence Essay2214 Words   |  9 PagesSamuel Beckett: Sound and Silence Patrick Richert FHSU February 15, 2013 Samuel Beckett was a world renown author of poetry, novels, and theatrical plays. He was born in Ireland and spent much of his adult life in Paris. His works were primarily written in French, and then translated, many times by the author himself, into English. He is known for creating works of dark comedy, and absurdism, and later in his career a minimalist. Due to his late start as an author, he is considered oneRead More Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot: Existentialism and The Theatre of the Absurd2530 Words   |  11 Pagesas well as in theatrical movements in the past and present. By examining the works of Samuel Beckett, evidence of existential thinking will be brought forward proving the progress of this philosophical movement. It will illustrate how existentialism has influenced Beckett, especially through his play, Waiting for Godot. The Theatre of the Absurd is another theatrical concept being examined proving that Samuel Beckett integrated the philosophy into his works through the Theatre of the Absurd. WhetherRead MoreSamuel Beckett s Waiting For Godot1209 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment In Waiting for Godot, a simplistic view can be applied which makes the play frustrating and seemingly worthless, which exemplifies how different views can be applied to different pieces of literature. If an existentialist view is applied to the play, it is easy to see how the nothingness that fills the main characters’ lives can be connected to the readers’ own lives and how the play exposes the lack of meaning thrust upon them. In Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot, the suppressionRead More Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot - God Isnt Coming Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesWaiting for Godot - God Isnt Coming  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Waiting for Godot, Samuel Becketts existential masterpiece, for some odd reason has captured the minds of millions of readers, artists, and critics worldwide, joining them all in an attempt to interpret the play. Beckett has told them not to read anything into his work, yet he does not stop them. Perhaps he recognizes the human quality of bringing personal experiences and such to the piece of art, and interpreting it through such colored lenses.Read MoreOverview of Three Interpretations of Samuel Becketts Waiting for Godot3226 Words   |  13 Pages Samuel Beckett wrote Waiting for Godot between October 1948 and January 1949. Since its premiere in January of 1953, it has befuddled and confounded critics and audiences alike. Some find it to be a meandering piece of drivel; others believe it to be genius. Much of the strain between the two sides stems from one simple question. What does this play mean? Even within camps where Waiting for Godot is heralded, the lack of clarity and consensus brings about a tension and discussion that has lasted

The World s Largest Rate Of Migrant Workforce - 1075 Words

ABSTRACT For a city like Dubai managing diversity in a population so diverse and unique has become not only a challenge but a priority. The future stability and prosperity of Dubai rests on how and what the authorities will react in the years to come. The UAE with the world’s largest rate of migrant workforce continues to show upward trend with workers from India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, USA, Europe and others. Along with the migration there is the mingling of different cultures. The different languages, ethnic backgrounds and customs have brought in various skills and competencies which have resulted in a number of benefits, including enhanced employee creativity and inventions. This sounds good but underneath this theoretical sheath lies a multiple challenges. Along with diversity come different mindsets that can cause miscommunication, undesirable behaviors and cultural barriers which can shake an organization. The workplace dominated by foreign hands due to the nature of the UAE workplace forms the topic and study under consideration and is presented herewith. The study analyses the benefits and challenges a company faces in a place as diverse as Dubai. The study used multi-method approach along with the combination of survey data from personal interactions with and interviews with native officials of organization. The views of two different work groups which form the bulk – foreign workers and original inhabitants’ are compared. ThisShow MoreRelatedHow Has Foreign Labor Changed The United States Economy1260 Words   |  6 Pagesusing foreign labor? There are two prominent types of foreign labor that are used today; this includes the usage of factories over seas, or the bringing in of migrant workers. Migrant workers have been used before the Civil War in the 1860’s, including slaves brought from Africa to work on plantations. Today, in the United States, migrant wor kers are those who have fled and work for a company, legally or illegally. The most popular and stereotypical example are Mexicans. The increased immigrationRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Migration to Australia Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesto settle in another. As stated by Mulvany Caroll (2003, p.28) during the past ten decades the Australian Government has tried various ways of enticing people to immigrate to Australia. Australia is one of the most multicultural countries in the world. According to Mulvany Caroll, â€Å"The number of countries represented by people coming to Australia is a lot greater today than it was at Federation, in 1906†(2003, p.28). Migration to Australia has increased over the years due to various reasons suchRead MoreNotes On The European Union Essay1496 Words   |  6 PagesCyprus , Czech republic ,Denmark ,Estonia ,finland ,france ,germany ,Greece ,hungary ,Ireland ,Italy,Latvia ,Lithuania ,Luxembourg ,malta ,Netherlands ,Poland ,Portugal ,Ro mania ,Slovakia ,slovennia ,spain ,Sweden ,united kingdom) which began after world war 2. The main idea of the union was that countries which trade together are most likely avoid going to war with each other. 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The United States of America has the largest number of migrants with 22 percent of the overall immigrants residing there. This figure has moved up from 19 percent in 2015. Nearly two-thirds of the immigrants live in Asia and Europe. Half of the migrants originate from Asia with India being the top origin countryRead MoreComparison Of Old World Imperialism And Globalization2577 Words   |  11 PagesWhat does a comparison of old-world Imperialism and Globalization reveal about the two systems? â€Å"In Globalization 1.0, which began around 1492, the world went from size large to size medium. In Globalization 2.0, 1800-2000, the era that introduced us to multinational companies, it went from size medium to size small. 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While the BBC maintained thatRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between China And Australia1236 Words   |  5 PagesSimilarities and Differences between China and Australia’s Economies Introduction The Chinese and Australia economies have many similarities and differences, including the size of the economies, growth rates, unemployment, inequality, standard of living, environmental issues and the roles the different governments have in influencing and modifying these factors of the economy. Size of Economy The GDP is the total market value of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. China’s GDP

Reproductive Rights Women s Fight For Control - 1485 Words

Reproductive Rights: Women’s Fight for Control Women having been fighting for equal rights for many years. Because of our genitalia, we will be paid less, we will be judged more, and we will have to fight to protect our basic human rights. Most women are born with the amazing ability to carry life; this is a blessing and a curse. Because of this ability, some people believe that a woman’s body is not completely her own, but that the government has rights to that body as well. We have been fighting to control our own bodies for many years. All women must understand that fighting for our reproductive rights is not just a simple pro-life or pro-choice battle, but a complex fight to teach proper sex education, maintain women’s health facilities, and protect our essential human rights. The battle for reproductive rights began well over a hundred years ago. At a time when families were producing more children than they could afford to feed, many women were seeking primitive forms of birth control and undergoing abortions. It was in the 1860s that a postal inspector turned politician named Anthony Comstock, in partnership with the Young Men’s Christian Association, set out on a crusade to condemn all forms of birth control and any kind of abortion by claiming they violated â€Å"anti-obscenity laws† (Baer). These men eventually succeeded and created the Comstock Laws in 1873 that prohibited all â€Å"sales, advertising, or information on birth control† (Baer). As long as there have beenShow MoreRelatedPro Choice Vs. Abortion1298 Words   |  6 Pagesthe women’s movements started in the early 1970’s, a question sometimes asked is that, if part of the population are so pro-life and worry about protecting a fetus, how come when the child is conceived they suddenly bash at you for having that unwanted child anyways, and that is hypocritical. In this essay, details include would be why people choose to be pro-choice, NARAL Pro-Choice America, the battle for reproductive justice for women and their right to make decisions for their body, advocates thatRead MoreWomen s Rights : Women Of Color Organize For Reproductive Justice By Jael Silliman1326 Words   |  6 PagesSince the dawn of American culture, women have been oppressed. Due to inequalities in the hierarchy of social power, women have been targeted for discrimination. However, women have not sat quietly and let the â€Å"man† dictate their lives. Through movement ra ised through women of all cultures, change has come to all American women. 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Every year new laws and bills get passed that seems to limit women’s choice about their own body. The government has taken into its own hand to decide what women should

The Parents Of Serial Killers Essay Example For Students

The : Parents Of Serial Killers Essay Creating Monsters and Getting Away With It. Analyzing the data available on numerous, infamous serial killers, it appears that childhood abuse, neglect and in many cases torture, is the one common thread linking all murderers labeled: serial killers. Among the hundreds of reports and studies available, no one will find the parents of serial killers having been jailed or punished in any way for the monsters they have created. Even though the facts disclose many acts of brutality perpetrated on these children, by the parents. The facts in this report will expose the physical and mental torture, sexual abuse, environments filled with mayhem, and hideous actions of the parents of these serial killers. The parents of serial killers are to blame for this pathetic species of what is loosely referred to as â€Å"human beings†. Otherwise, there are little, if any, human characteristics that mirror the average human being in society. The parents of all serial killers should be held responsible for the monsters they set forth to c reate. A severe punishment should be imposed on these sadistic, abusive parents for harvesting this breed of human being into our society. Childhood abuse and neglect may not be the sole excuse for serial killers, but it is an undeniable factor in their backgrounds. In his book Serial Killers, Joel Norris describes the cycles of violence as generational: Parents who abuse their children, physically as well as psychologically, instill in them an almost instinctive reliance upon violence as a first resort to any challenge. Childhood abuse not only spawns violent reactions, but also affects the child’s health, including brain injuries, malnutrition, and other developmental disorders (8-12). In many cases the mothers overstep acceptable boundaries, exposing their children to inappropriate sexual behavior. Bobby Jo Long killed women he characterized as whores and sluts, who he said reminded him of his own mom (4). She had frequent sex with men in the same room where Bobby slept. According to Long, he shared his bed with his mother until he was 13 years old. Henry Lee Lucas suffered gender confusion as a child, courtesy of his mother’s sadism. She was a heavy drinker and bootlegger. For unknown reasons she dressed him as a girl until he was seven. She senselessly beat him after he had his hair cut because his teacher complained. At one point, his mom struck him on back of head with a wooden beam, fracturing his skull, leaving him lying in the yard, in a semi-conscious state for 3 days (Burgess 270-272). Her boyfriend took him to receive medical attention, not his mother. Lucas was also exposed to his mother’s sexual activities. He killed his mother in 1951, w hich began his murderous spree (52-56). The actions of some of the abusive fathers also had a large effect on these killers in their childhood. It is usually the sadistically disciplinarian father that pops up in the serial killer’s family tree. John Gacy’s dad berated his son, calling him a sissy, queer, and a failure. A violent alcoholic, Gacy’s father beat his mother, and shot his son’s dog to punish the child. When Gacy later strangled his young victims, he encouraged them to stay brave while facing death, just as he had experienced when he was a child. â€Å"Through this ritual, Gacy sought to reassert his own vision of a masculine identity that had been squashed down by his father,† wrote Joel Norris (52-56). Albert De Salvo’s father would bring home prostitutes and brutally beat his mother, breaking her fingers one by one as young boy helplessly watched. His father also sold his son off as a slave to a farmer in Maine, while his mothe r went frantically searching for him for six months, a story that has been confirmed by family friends and social workers. De Salvo stated, â€Å"he’d always smash me across the back with a pipe. I didn’t move fast enough.† These examples are minor in comparison to the majority of incidents documented by investigators and experts (Williams 2). Most of these fall back on the child not only being ridiculed and physically beaten, but the violence surrounding them involving other family members had a horrendous effect on them (Williams 2). .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 , .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .postImageUrl , .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 , .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:hover , .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:visited , .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:active { border:0!important; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:active , .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41 .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3277b257c2376a93ad8fe69b40b15f41:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hockey History EssaySome parents believe that by being harsh disciplinarians, it would â€Å"toughen† the child. Instead, it creates a lack of love between parent and child that can have disastrous results. If the child doesn’t bond with its primary caretakers, there is no foundation for trusting others later in life. This leads to isolation, where intense violent fantasies become the primary source of gratification. â€Å"Instead of developing positive traits of trust, security, and autonomy, child development becomes dependent on fantasy life and its dominant themes, rather than on social interaction,† writes Robert Ressler, Ann Burgess and John Doug las in Sexual Homicide: Patterns and Motives (19). When the child grows up, according to these authors, all they know are their fantasies of domination and control. They have not developed compassion for others. Instead, humans become flattened-out symbols for them to enact their violent fantasies. Ed Gein’s religiously fanatical, notorious mother convinced her son that women were vessels of sin and caused disease. In some sort of twisted misinterpretation, Gein made literal vessels out of women, using their skulls for bowls, and other domestic objects (Douglas 209). Ed’s body may have escaped sexual disease, but his mind was clearly contaminated by his mother’s constant ranting. Joseph Kallinger, adopted by sadistic parents, and after a hernia operation at age 6, his mother told him that the surgery was to keep his penis from growing. As an adult, he believed it had been stunted. A strict disciplinarian, Kallinger’s mother forced him to hold his open han d over a flame, beating him if he cried (Douglas 213). Admittedly, Kemper’s mom was a shrill, tyrannical nag who locked her son in the basement when he grew to six foot, seven inches tall and frightened his sisters. Kallinger grew up taking extreme pleasure in torturing others, and became a sadistic parent himself. After taking an insurance policy out on his 13-year-old son Joey, he slowly drowned him, deaf to his own son’s pleas for mercy. â€Å"I certainly wanted for my son and my mother a nice, quiet easy death like everyone else wants,† said Ed Kemper. His idea of an easy death is markedly unusual. After beheading his mom, he shoved her vocal cords down the garbage disposal, raped her headless body, and placed her head on the living room mantel and used it as a dartboard (Douglas 214). In over one hundred eight case studies, while investigators repeatedly uncovered sadistic torture, sexual abuse and horrendous psychological terror toward the serial killer, i n their childhoods, no charges were ever brought against any of the parents. The Martha Stewart of serial killers, Ed Gein who inspired the movie â€Å"Texas Chainsaw Massacre†, made gruesome home improvements. This included lampshades and seat covers made from human skin, and skulls used for drinking cups. He also made clothing and bracelets out of body parts (sunset 1). Years of physical torture by his mother and father discovered when the killer was finally apprehended confirm the parents played a major role in the way their son turned out as an adult (sunset 1). The evidence concludes that all serial killers have varied forms and degrees of child abuse in their childhood years, involving neglect, physical and mental abuse, varied levels of sadistic torture and abusive surroundings. We can see in each case, the lack of healthy, nurturing parents, whether from simple neglect, inflicting torturous rage, or exposing their children to violent surroundings, created sick, twiste d adolescents and adults. Although, not all directly perpetrated by the parents, as parents we are responsible for creating decent, law-abiding citizens. When it is deemed that a serial killer, or any other type of monster was created through the horrendous acts of the mother or father, the parents should be punished harshly. Sociology Issues